The Respiratory system
The external respiration is the intake air and the gas transport through the blood to supply the body with oxygen. The respiratory organs are the lungs and airways afferent nose, throat, larynx, trachea and bronchi, the skeleton and muscles of the chest.
The inner respiration means the gas exchange between the blood and cells.
The respiratory sizes of the lungs routinely be measured with the spirometer, such as in sports investigative agencies . Vital capacity (VC) means the amount of air, which in one breath is in- and exhaled maximum. Through training, this can increase by more than 20%. Rowers, swimmers and long-distance runners, with averages of 5000 ml compared with 3000 - 4000 ml for untrained are standing in the first place.
Another simple, but very meaningful test is the breath shock value (1-second value or FEV 1).It is here examined, the percentage of vital capacity (VC) can be exhaled in one second, that should be at least 75% of vital capacity. With good function it should be possible to blow out a candle at a distance of 1 m. The FEV, value can be lowered in case of allergies and hay fever, during an asthma attack he is always humbled.
Under consideration by the appropriate medicines, for example, by spray against asthma, it still can competitive sports be exercised. There are even some world champion and Olympic champion with asthma.
Especially outdoors during training and also during the breaks, dry, warm and wind protecting clothing is important. Wearing clothes adapted to temperature after the onion-shell principle, respiratory infections such as colds, cough, or even a pneumonia can be largely avoided. With these cold symptoms and a temperature increase to over 38 ° C one should no longer exercise sports and a doctor should be consulted.